Department of Research, Strategic Studies and International Relations 14-11-2024

In an era of complex global challenges, two pivotal summits held in São Paulo, Brazil—the Think 20 (T20) summit and the Bloomberg New Economy Forum—offered crucial platforms for addressing pressing issues impacting both emerging and developed economies. These events, aligned with the Business 20 (B20) summit under Brazil’s G20 presidency, gathered influential leaders from government, business, academia, and civil society. Key issues on the agenda included climate change, sustainable development, trade and economic growth, global security, and the ongoing challenges posed by technological advancement.

 The Role of T20 in Shaping Policy for the G20

The T20 Summit, organized by prominent think tanks from around the globe, serves as a policy advisory network that provides research and recommendations to the G20. Attended by economists, policymakers, and think-tank leaders from institutions such as the Overseas Development Institute, Instituto Igarapé, and the Argentine Council for International Relations, the summit aimed to provide actionable insights on issues that require coordinated global action.

A particular focus was placed on sustainable economic practices that not only target GDP growth but also prioritize equity and resilience. Leaders such as Ilona Szabó, co-founder of Instituto Igarapé, emphasized that global challenges—including climate change and inequality—are interconnected and require policy strategies that bridge international divisions. The T20 discussions underscored the importance of multilateral cooperation to combat challenges that are exacerbated by geopolitical tensions and protectionist policies.

 Key Topics at the Bloomberg New Economy Forum

Running parallel to the T20 discussions, the Bloomberg New Economy Forum focused on mobilizing private capital to address global issues through sustainable business practices. The forum brought together senior executives, investors, and public sector leaders who deliberated on how private capital could be better aligned with public interests, especially in areas like energy transition, trade resilience, and public health.

One of the major themes of the forum was the balance between economic growth and environmental sustainability. With an increasing awareness of climate-related risks, the forum highlighted innovative policies and investments that aim to foster green growth. Keynote speakers from the forum, including representatives from global firms like Hyundai and HSBC, presented case studies on how private sector investments in renewable energy and green infrastructure can drive both profitability and environmental benefits.

 Addressing the Energy Transition and Climate Action

Energy transition was a focal point at both events, with leaders discussing the challenges of moving away from fossil fuels to renewable sources. Brazil, as a global leader in renewable energy, offered a unique perspective on this issue. Discussions centered on the need for a coordinated approach to energy policies that respect regional differences while addressing global warming.

A variety of sessions underscored the potential for public-private partnerships to accelerate the energy transition, with Bloomberg New Economy participants highlighting successful models from both developed and developing countries. However, as some think-tank analysts pointed out, these transitions pose challenges for economies that are heavily dependent on fossil fuel exports, underscoring the need for policies that support affected workers and industries.

 Technology and Trade in a Fragmented World

Trade policy and technological advancements were also prominent topics. Leaders recognized that new technologies—from artificial intelligence to digital currencies—offer transformative potential for economies but also raise concerns around data privacy, cyber security, and labor displacement. In a fragmented global economy, there was consensus on the importance of regulatory frameworks that support innovation without compromising security or increasing inequality.

In particular, the rise of artificial intelligence has intensified discussions on how to manage technological progress in ways that are ethical and inclusive. Panelists advocated for greater international cooperation on AI policy and emphasized the need for shared standards that can safeguard privacy and security across borders.

 Strengthening Economic Cooperation Among Emerging Markets

An overarching theme was the increasing importance of emerging markets in the global economy. The T20 and Bloomberg New Economy forums highlighted Latin America’s role as an emerging hub for sustainable investments and innovation. Brazil’s leadership in hosting these events illustrated the region’s growing influence in shaping international policy, particularly in areas such as green finance and sustainable agriculture.

Emerging markets face unique challenges, including fluctuating commodity prices and limited access to global finance. The events called attention to the need for economic policies that are flexible and responsive to the needs of developing countries, enabling them to pursue growth without compromising their economic resilience. Participants also stressed that emerging economies should not be sidelined in global policy decisions but rather be active contributors to shaping the rules of a fairer and more inclusive economic system.

 The Road Ahead: Moving from Discussion to Action

While the T20 and Bloomberg New Economy summits successfully brought together diverse voices and fostered constructive dialogue, a key takeaway from both events was the urgency of moving from conversation to action. Leaders acknowledged that implementing the policies discussed—such as green energy investments and resilient trade policies—will require ongoing collaboration, especially as the G20 agenda continues to evolve.

For these insights to have a tangible impact, countries and institutions must commit to actionable steps and measurable targets. This requires alignment not only at the national level but also in the private sector, where businesses are increasingly expected to operate with a commitment to social and environmental responsibility.

 Conclusion

The T20 and Bloomberg New Economy summits in São Paulo served as powerful reminders of the interconnectedness of today’s global challenges and the need for multilateral approaches that transcend borders and ideologies. From climate action to digital governance and economic inclusion, these events highlighted the importance of collaborative, forward-looking policies that can foster a sustainable and equitable future. As Brazil and other emerging economies continue to play prominent roles on the global stage, the insights gained from these summits may well shape the course of international policy in the coming years. For both public and private leaders, the challenge now is to transform these ambitious discussions into concrete, impactful actions that benefit economies and societies worldwide